Cover of higher education & research in France, facts and figures

📄 Source:.

 Coverage:Metropolitan France + overseas departments (DOM).

The data presented here are taken from the fifth survey conducted by the French Ministry of Education, Higher Education and Research (Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche – MENESR) and public universities in metropolitan France and French overseas departments (Département d’outre-mer – DOM), with the exception of the Paris Dauphine and Antilles-Guyane universities. 100,000 young people who were awarded a Master's degree, LP or DUT in 2011 were surveyed in December 2013. The class of 2011 for Master's degree programmes was the first to include students on so-called 'Master of Education' courses designed to prepare students for the competitive entrance examinations for entering the teaching profession. These courses were not included in the results presented. It is difficult to separate these courses totally from other Master's degree programmes, due to the fact that some universities decided to offer them as an option as part of Master's degrees in other subject areas.

The employment rate is defined as the proportion of graduates in employment (in any kind of job) in relation to the total number of graduates on the labour market (either in work or unemployed). It is based on graduates with French nationality, who had previously undergone initial training and who did not continue or return to their studies in the two years after obtaining their degree in 2011. Graduates that met these conditions represented 38%, 51% and 10% respectively of all Master's (excluding Master of Education), LP and DUT graduates. This percentage was 50% for graduates of Master of Education courses.

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21 occupational integration of university graduates

This page has been updated. Read 22. occupational integration of university graduates (Master's, DUT, LP) in Higher education & research in France, facts and figures 10th edition - June 2017

Around 9 out of 10 students who graduated with Master's degrees, LPs and DUTs in 2011 were in employment in December 2013, some 30 months after entering working life. 90% of the positions held were full-time posts. The median net monthly wage for full-time positions was €1,910 for Master's graduates. This outcome was accompanied by a slight increase in the number of students continuing their studies after passing their degree.

The class of 2011 for Master's degree programmes was the first to include students on so-called 'Master of Education' courses designed to prepare students for the competitive entrance examinations for entering the teaching profession. By their very nature, the occupational integration of graduates from such courses is very specific in comparison with other Master's graduates. 97% of graduates from these courses are in employment, with 87% in public-sector posts. They earn lower wages than those paid to graduates from other Master's degree programmes (chart 21.01). These Master of Education courses are not included in the following analysis.

30 months after entering working life, those who graduated with a Master's degree in 2011 enjoyed the same occupational integration as that recorded for their predecessors the previous year: 90% of Master's graduates (excluding those from Master of Education courses 1) were in employment at 1 December 2013 (chart 21.01). Occupational integration for those who graduated with a vocational bachelor's degree (Licence professionnelle - LP) (92%) or a technology university diploma delivered by the IUT (Diplôme universitaire de technologie -  DUT) (89%) in 2011 showed a slight improvement (from 91% and 88% respectively for 2010 graduates).

The positions held are primarily full-time posts (over 90%) and of a good level, with 87% of Master's graduates, 71% of LP graduates and 58% of DUT graduates working in managerial positions or in intermediate occupations. A large majority of them are in stable employment (80% for LP graduates and just under 75% for Master's and DUT graduates).

The median net monthly wage for full-time positions was €1,910 for Master's graduates, stable on the previous year. It is higher than that earned by those aged 25-29 who work as managers or in intermediate occupations (€1,800). The median net monthly wage for LP and DUT graduates was markedly lower (€1,600 and €1,500 respectively).

All the indicators relating to the occupational integration of graduates are calculated on the basis of graduates who did not continue or return to their studies in the two years after they obtained their diploma. There was an increase in the number of Master's and LP graduates either continuing or returning to their studies.

This was particularly noticeable in the case of LP graduates (from 29% to 34%), but was less significant for Master's graduates (from 39% to 40%). Young people who left university in 2011 were confronted with a gradual rise in unemployment until early 2013, which may have contributed to more of them opting to continue or return to their studies.

As in previous years, recruitment conditions for graduates of Law, Economics and Management (LEM) and Science, Technology and Health (STH) Master's degree programmes (who accounted for three quarters of all graduates) were distinctly better than those for graduates of Human and Social Sciences (HSS) and Humanities, Languages and Arts (HLA) Master's degree programmes, in terms of their occupational integration, the quality of their jobs and the wage they were paid (chart 21.02).

📄 Source:.
 Coverage:Metropolitan France + overseas departments (DOM).

1 The class of 2011 for Master's degree programmes was the first to include students on so-called 'Master of Education' courses designed to prepare students for the competitive entrance examinations for entering the teaching profession. These Master of Education courses have been excluded from the results published and from the analysis in order to make it possible to compare statistics between two years.

How to cite this paper :

MAETZ Isabelle. Occupational integration of university graduates. In: Higher education & research in France, facts and figures - 49 indicators [online]. KABLA-LANGLOIS Isabelle (dir.). Paris: Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche, 2015. 8th ed. Chapter 21, 52-53 [Accessed 03/28/2024]. ISBN 978-2-11-139433-9. https://publication.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr/eesr/8EN/EESR8EN_ES_21-occupational_integration_of_university_graduates-ILL_01.php

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The data presented here are taken from the fifth survey conducted by the French Ministry of Education, Higher Education and Research (Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche – MENESR) and public universities in metropolitan France and French overseas departments (Département d’outre-mer – DOM), with the exception of the Paris Dauphine and Antilles-Guyane universities. 100,000 young people who were awarded a Master's degree, LP or DUT in 2011 were surveyed in December 2013. The class of 2011 for Master's degree programmes was the first to include students on so-called 'Master of Education' courses designed to prepare students for the competitive entrance examinations for entering the teaching profession. These courses were not included in the results presented. It is difficult to separate these courses totally from other Master's degree programmes, due to the fact that some universities decided to offer them as an option as part of Master's degrees in other subject areas.

The employment rate is defined as the proportion of graduates in employment (in any kind of job) in relation to the total number of graduates on the labour market (either in work or unemployed). It is based on graduates with French nationality, who had previously undergone initial training and who did not continue or return to their studies in the two years after obtaining their degree in 2011. Graduates that met these conditions represented 38%, 51% and 10% respectively of all Master's (excluding Master of Education), LP and DUT graduates. This percentage was 50% for graduates of Master of Education courses.

 

Key figures


Rate of occupational integration of University technology diploma (DUT) graduates
89%
 
2011 graduates
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "21. occupational integration of university graduates".

Coverage: 30 months after obtaining their diploma
Source: MENESR-DGESIP/DGRI-SIES
Rate of occupational integration of Vocational bachelor's degree graduates
92%
 
2011 graduates
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "21. occupational integration of university graduates".

Coverage: 30 months after obtaining their diploma
Source: MENESR-DGESIP/DGRI-SIES
Rate of occupational integration of Master's degree graduates
90%
 
2011 graduates
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "21. occupational integration of university graduates".

Coverage: 30 months after obtaining their diploma
Source: MENESR-DGESIP/DGRI-SIES
Rate of occupational integration of Master's in teaching graduates
97%
 
2011 graduates
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "21. occupational integration of university graduates".

Coverage: 30 months after obtaining their diploma
Source: MENESR-DGESIP/DGRI-SIES
  See more key figures  
Share of jobs at manager or intermediate occupation level for University technology diploma (DUT) graduates
58%
 
2011 graduates
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "21. occupational integration of university graduates".

Coverage: 30 months after obtaining their diploma
Source: MENESR-DGESIP/DGRI-SIES
Share of jobs at manager or intermediate occupation level for Vocational bachelor's degree graduates
71%
 
2011 graduates
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "21. occupational integration of university graduates".

Coverage: 30 months after obtaining their diploma
Source: MENESR-DGESIP/DGRI-SIES
Share of jobs at manager or intermediate occupation level for Master's degree graduates
87%
 
2011 graduates
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "21. occupational integration of university graduates".

Coverage: 30 months after obtaining their diploma
Source: MENESR-DGESIP/DGRI-SIES
Share of jobs at manager or intermediate occupation level for Master's in teaching graduates
88%
 
2011 graduates
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "21. occupational integration of university graduates".

Coverage: 30 months after obtaining their diploma
Source: MENESR-DGESIP/DGRI-SIES
  See more key figures  
Share of stable jobs for University technology diploma (DUT) graduates
58%
 
2011 graduates
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "21. occupational integration of university graduates".

Coverage: 30 months after obtaining their diploma
Source: MENESR-DGESIP/DGRI-SIES
Share of stable jobs for Vocational bachelor's degree graduates
71%
 
2011 graduates
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "21. occupational integration of university graduates".

Coverage: 30 months after obtaining their diploma
Source: MENESR-DGESIP/DGRI-SIES
Share of stable jobs for Master's degree graduates
87%
 
2011 graduates
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "21. occupational integration of university graduates".

Coverage: 30 months after obtaining their diploma
Source: MENESR-DGESIP/DGRI-SIES
Share of stable jobs for Master's in teaching graduates
88%
 
2011 graduates
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "21. occupational integration of university graduates".

Coverage: 30 months after obtaining their diploma
Source: MENESR-DGESIP/DGRI-SIES
  See more key figures  
Median net monthly wage for full-time jobs of University technology diploma (DUT) graduates
1,500 
 
2011 graduates
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "21. occupational integration of university graduates".

Coverage: 30 months after obtaining their diploma
Source: MENESR-DGESIP/DGRI-SIES
Median net monthly wage for full-time jobs of Vocational bachelor's degree graduates
1,600 
 
2011 graduates
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "21. occupational integration of university graduates".

Coverage: 30 months after obtaining their diploma
Source: MENESR-DGESIP/DGRI-SIES
Median net monthly wage for full-time jobs of Master's degree graduates
1,910 
 
2011 graduates
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "21. occupational integration of university graduates".

Coverage: 30 months after obtaining their diploma
Source: MENESR-DGESIP/DGRI-SIES
Median net monthly wage for full-time jobs of Masters in teaching graduates
1,700 
 
2011 graduates
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "21. occupational integration of university graduates".

Coverage: 30 months after obtaining their diploma
Source: MENESR-DGESIP/DGRI-SIES

21.01 Proportion of 2011 DUT, vocational Bachelor's and Master's graduates in employment or continuing their studies

Proportion of graduates continuing their studies (in %)
Employment rate (as a %)
Proportion of graduates working as managers or technicians and associated professionals (as a %)
Proportion of graduates in stable employment (as a %)
Proportion of graduates in full-time posts (as a %)
Mobility rate (as a %)
Net median monthly salary for graduates in full-time employment (in €)
DUT
Vocational Bachelor's degree
Master's degree (LMD)
Master of education
 
 
 Coverage: Metropolitan France + overseas departments (DOM).

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21.02 Employment rate for 2011 Master's graduates by subject area

Employment rate (as a %)
Proportion of graduates working as managers or technicians and associated professionals (as a %)
Proportion of graduates in stable employment (as a %)
Proportion of graduates in full-time posts (as a %)
Net median monthly salary for graduates in full-time employment (in €)
Law, economics and management (LEM)
Humanities, languages and arts (HLA)
Human and social sciences (HSS)
Science, technology and health (STH)
 
 
 Coverage: Metropolitan France + overseas departments (DOM).

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21.03 Breakdown of 2011 Master's graduates by type of employer and subject area (as a %)

All
All LEM graduates
Law
Economics
Management
Other LEM graduates
HLA
All HSS graduates
History and geography
Psychology
Information and communication technology and science
Other HSS graduates
All STH graduates
Earth and life sciences
Pure sciences
Engineering science
Computer science
Other STH graduates
  
Civil service
State-owned enterprise
Private enterprise
Association
Other
 
 

LEM (law, economics and management), HLA (humanities, languages and arts), HSS (human and social sciences), STH (science, technology and health).

 Coverage: Metropolitan France + overseas departments (DOM).

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Related statistical publication

Note d'information SIES 16.06 - Male/female inequalities in professional integration of Masters graduates - Louis-Alexandre Erb - September 2016
On leaving university, there are more female than male Masters graduates. The professional integration rate, 30 months after graduating, is similar between men and women. However, women experience less favourable employment conditions than their male counterparts.

These differences are primarily due to the subject of the Master’s degree. In disciplines in which the number of women is the highest, opportunities in the employment market are less favourable. However, in disciplines with fewer women, professional inequalities are significant. In addition, regardless of the discipline, career paths diverge, with more women in employment in the non-profit and public sectors, where pay is usually lower and contracts less stable.

For a given discipline, type of employer and sector of activity, inequalities persist, above all with regard to pay, in which the residual difference is the largest, representing two-thirds of the differences noted.


Other editions

Etat de l'enseignement supérieur et de la rechercheHigher education & research in France, facts and figures 10th edition - June 2017
22 - occupational integration of university graduates (Master's, DUT, LP)
Around 9 out of 10 students who graduated with Master's degrees, vocational Bachelor's degrees (LP) and University technology diplomas (DUT) in 2013 were in employment in December 2014, some 30 months after leaving university. After 18 months, the integration process was already well advanced. Over 85% of LMD Master's graduates were in employment. However, the employment conditions differ according to the subject studied [Consult the following page]
Etat de l'enseignement supérieur et de la rechercheHigher education & research in France, facts and figures 9th edition - November 2016
23 - occupational integration of university graduates (Master's, DUT, LP) - Louis-Alexandre Erb
Around 9 out of 10 students who graduated with Master's degrees, vocational Bachelor's degrees (LP) and University technology diplomas (DUT) in 2012 were in employment in December 2014, some 30 months after leaving university. After 18 months, the integration process was already well advanced. Over 85% of LMD Master's graduates were in employment. However, the employment conditions differ according to the subject studied [Consult the following page]

Translation

 Etat de l'enseignement supérieur et de la rechercheL'état de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche en France n°8 - juin 2015
21 - l'insertion professionnelle des diplômés d'université (Master, DUT, LP) - Isabelle Maetz
Environ 9 diplômés 2011 sur 10 de Master, Licence professionnelle et DUT sont en emploi en décembre 2013, quelque 30 mois après leur entrée dans la vie active. Les emplois occupés sont à 90 % des emplois à temps plein. Le salaire mensuel net médian des emplois à temps plein atteint 1 910 € pour les diplômés de master. Ce résultat s’accompagne d’une légère augmentation des poursuites d’études après l’obtention du diplôme [Consult the following page in french]


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