A2 R&D in France
A2.01 Funding of GNERD and implemantation in France between 1992 and 2013
GDP June 2014, change in methodology and base year 2010.
r Revised.
1 Public and private administrations (government, higher education and private non-profit institutions).
2 Change in methodology in relation to the previous year.
3 2004 results revised in June 2008.
4 The results for business enterprises were revised in July 2008.
5 Since 2006, business enterprises employing less than 1 full-time equivalent (FTE) researcher have been included in the results.
6 Data revised in accordance with the methodology used in 2010.
7 Change in methodology for government estimates, final figures: the resources devoted to R&D by ministries and certain dedicated State research institutions were assessed using a new method that made it possible to more effectively distinguish their funding activities. This resulted in the estimate for GOVERD being revised downward by around €1 billion (including €850 million for defence) and headcount by 6,000 FTE posts (including 3,500 in defence).
8 Semi-finalised data.
9 Estimates.
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A2.02 Business enterprise intramural expenditure on R&D (BERD) according to the industrial branches benefiting from research, 2001 to 2013
1 The branches of activity used are from the 2008 revision of the NAF (French classification of activities). The data from the period 2001 to 2006 have been backcast using the revised NAF.
2 Several changes in methodology have taken place to improve the quality of information on public and private research. They include breaks in series. The assessment of business expenditure on research and development has been improved by using a weighting system that better reflects the different categories of businesses. In order to compare 2004 and 2005, the new methodology has been used to recalculate the revised 2004 data.
3 Change of methodology: since 2006, business enterprises employing less than 1 full-time equivalent (FTE) researcher have been included in the results.
4 Finalised data.
5 Semi-finalised data.
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A2.03 Numbers of full-time equivalent researchers and research engineers broken down by branches 1 benefiting from research, from 2001 to 2013
1 The branches of activity used are from the 2008 revision of the NAF (French classification of activities). The data from the period 2001 to 2006 have been backcast using the revised NAF.
2 Several changes in methodology have taken place to improve the quality of information on public and private research. They include breaks in series. The assessment of business expenditure on research and development has been improved by using a weighting system that better reflects the different categories of businesses. In order to compare 2004 and 2005, the new methodology has been used to recalculate the revised 2004 data.
3 Change of methodology: since 2006, business enterprises employing less than 1 full-time equivalent (FTE) researcher have been included in the results.
4 Finalised data.
5 Semi-finalised data.
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