Cover of higher education & research in France, facts and figures

📄 Source:MENESR-DGESIP/DGRI-SIES.

 Coverage:Metropolitan France + overseas departments (DOM).

The data from table 10.01 relate to enrolments of new baccalauréat holders in higher education (including apprenticeships in all STS series since 2010) just after receiving their baccalauréat. As one student may enrol on several courses, the access rates per course cannot be added together (total higher than 100%). These dual enrolments, already possible and previously effective, were made mandatory for the CPGE and universities by the Law of 22 July 2013 and doubled between 2014-15 and 2015-16.

The data presented here cover, for the aggregated series of the baccalauréat, the enrolments in STS via the school system and through apprenticeships from 2008 onwards. However, this data provides no separate figures for the apprentices baccalauréat series.

Universities: their numbers include students from University Centres for Education and Research (CUFR) and similar institutions: University of Lorraine, the two National Polytechnical Institutes (INP), the three Technology Universities (UT) and the following major institutions - Observatoire, INALCO, IEP Paris (Institute of Political Studies), Paris-Dauphine and Institut de physique du Globe de Paris.

Other courses: correspond to the engineering schools and engineering courses in non-university partnerships, higher education institutions not attached to the universities (business, management, sales, accounts, notaries, architecture and diverse specialities), major institutions, art schools, private faculties, paramedical schools and social work training.

STI: Industrial science and technologies was replaced by the series STI2D and STD2A from the 2013 session.

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10 access to higher education

70.1% of general baccalauréat holders enrolled at university, i.e. three points less than in 2000. More than one in two technological baccalauréat holders enrolled in a short vocational course (STS or IUT). STS were the preferred course for vocational baccalauréat holders, as 27.8% enrolled in them, i.e. 2.4 points more than in 2014. This year saw a marked rise in dual CPGE-university enrolments. Comparisons could therefore not be made between 2015 and previous years in terms of university entrance.

University was still the study route taken by most baccalauréat holders. University enrolment rates dropped continuously from 2000 to 2008 before stabilising during the next four years. Following a very modest rise in 2013 and 2014, 2015 saw a marked increase in the apparent enrolment rate (+ 4.3 points), mainly due to the systemisation of dual enrolments of students in preparatory courses and university (see methodology) (table 10.01, chart 10.02). Enrolment rates for selective courses (IUT, STS and CPGE) dropped slightly this year.

Scientific baccalauréat holders stand out for their tendency to opt for scientific fields of education at university excluding healthcare (27.6%), medical studies (20.2%) and preparatory classes (18.1%). 71.8% of series S baccalauréat holders enrolled at university, close to seven points more than in 2014. This rise relates to the dual enrolments of students in CPGE and is particularly relevant to the series S baccalauréat holders enrolling in scientific courses (+10.5 points). Series S baccalauréat holders also enrolled in engineering schools (excluding internal university schools counted among the scientific fields of education in universities).

Short vocational courses, especially STS, continued to attract the majority of technological baccalauréat holders. Enrolment rates of technological baccalauréat holders in STS (including apprenticeships) had dropped significantly between 2010 and 2013 (-6.4 points) due to increased opportunities offered to vocational baccalauréat holders. However, it stabilised in 2014 and rose again in 2015, reaching 41.5%. Apprenticeship was the chosen route of around 4% of technological baccalauréat holders to continue their studies in STS, and this figure has remained stable for the last five years. 11.5% of technological baccalauréat holders enrolled in preparatory classes for DUT. This rate remained stable compared with 2014.

The second most popular higher education option for technological baccalauréat holders was university (33.4%); their enrolment rate is on the upturn here since 2013 after several stable years. This rise benefited the general or healthcare fields of education more than DUT preparatory courses. It can be explained by the dual enrolments in CPGE, that are nevertheless clearly less frequent than for the general baccalauréat holders.

The STI2D baccalauréat holders continued to show a preference for short courses (STS or IUT) which attracted six out of ten students; nevertheless this rate fell in 2015 (-3.1 points) compared with 2014 in favour particularly of long university courses (+2.2 points).

The majority of vocational baccalauréat holders (27.8%) entered an STS, a rise of 2.4 points over 2014. 6.7% followed the apprenticeship route. It was easier for these baccalauréat holders to enrol given the decline in their numbers compared with 2014 (-14,100) following completion of the vocational baccalauréat reform. 8.3% of vocational baccalauréat holders enrolled at university. Only 0.6% enrolled in DUT preparatory classes.

 Coverage:Metropolitan France + overseas departments (DOM).

How to cite this paper :

PAURON Aline. Access to higher education. In: Higher education & research in France, facts and figures - 49 indicators [online]. KABLA-LANGLOIS Isabelle (dir.). Paris: Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche, 2017. 10th ed. Chapter 10 [Accessed 03/19/2024]. ISBN 978-2-11-152033-2. https://publication.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr/eesr/10EN/EESR10EN_ES_10-access_to_higher_education.php

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The data from table 10.01 relate to enrolments of new baccalauréat holders in higher education (including apprenticeships in all STS series since 2010) just after receiving their baccalauréat. As one student may enrol on several courses, the access rates per course cannot be added together (total higher than 100%). These dual enrolments, already possible and previously effective, were made mandatory for the CPGE and universities by the Law of 22 July 2013 and doubled between 2014-15 and 2015-16.

The data presented here cover, for the aggregated series of the baccalauréat, the enrolments in STS via the school system and through apprenticeships from 2008 onwards. However, this data provides no separate figures for the apprentices baccalauréat series.

Universities: their numbers include students from University Centres for Education and Research (CUFR) and similar institutions: University of Lorraine, the two National Polytechnical Institutes (INP), the three Technology Universities (UT) and the following major institutions - Observatoire, INALCO, IEP Paris (Institute of Political Studies), Paris-Dauphine and Institut de physique du Globe de Paris.

Other courses: correspond to the engineering schools and engineering courses in non-university partnerships, higher education institutions not attached to the universities (business, management, sales, accounts, notaries, architecture and diverse specialities), major institutions, art schools, private faculties, paramedical schools and social work training.

STI: Industrial science and technologies was replaced by the series STI2D and STD2A from the 2013 session.

 

Key figures


Share of technological baccalauréat holders from the 2015 session enrolling in Advanced technician's sections (STS)
41.5%
 
2015
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "10. access to higher education".

Coverage: excluding alternance programme
Source: MENESR-DGESIP/DGRI-SIES
Share of general baccalauréat holders from the 2015 session enrolling at university
70.1%
 
2015
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "10. access to higher education".

Coverage: excluding alternance programme
Source: MENESR-DGESIP/DGRI-SIES
Share of technological baccalauréat holders from the 2015 session enrolling in Technological university institutes (IUT)
11.5%
 
2015
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "10. access to higher education".

Coverage: excluding alternance programme
Source: MENESR-DGESIP/DGRI-SIES
Share of general baccalauréat holders from the 2015 session enrolling in classes preparing for admission to Grandes Écoles (CPGE)
12.7%
 
2015
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "10. access to higher education".

Coverage: excluding alternance programme
Source: MENESR-DGESIP/DGRI-SIES
  See one more key figure  
Share of technological baccalauréat holders from the 2015 session enrolling in classes preparing for admission to Grandes Écoles (CPGE)
2.0%
 
2015
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "10. access to higher education".

Coverage: excluding alternance programme
Source: MENESR-DGESIP/DGRI-SIES

10.01 Change in enrolment rates in higher education (%) 1

 
2000 2010 2013 2014 2015
General Bac
All higher education 103.7 100.8 98.9 99.4 nd
University 73.0 65.5 65.2 65.8 70.1
of which DUT 11.2 10.7 10.2 10.1 9.8
CPGE 12.6 13.2 12.5 13.1 12.7
STS 2 9.0 9.8 9.0 8.8 8.5
of which school status 9.0 8.9 8.1 8.0 7.7
Other courses 9.1 12.3 12.2 11.7 11.8
of which Science Bac
All higher education 107.9 103.2 101.7 101.6 nd
University 71.7 64.5 64.7 64.9 71.8
of which DUT 14.6 12.5 11.8 11.6 11.3
CPGE 19.1 19.3 18.1 18.7 18.1
STS School status 3 7.0 6.8 6.0 5.8 5.7
Other courses 10.1 12.6 12.9 12.2 12.2
Technological Bac
All higher education 77.6 81.3 77.7 79.2 nd
University 28.2 28.6 30.8 31.9 33.4
of which DUT 9.1 9.9 11.0 11.4 11.5
CPGE 1.0 1.5 1.7 1.8 2.0
STS  2 44.5 46.2 39.8 40.4 41.5
of which school status nd 42.7 36.2 36.6 37.3
Other courses 3.9 5.1 5.4 5.1 5.1
of which STI2D Bac
All higher education 88.4 89.5 90.8 87.5 nd
University 23.5 26.2 36.7 37.0 37.7
of which DUT 16.2 17.6 24.4 24.0 22.5
CPGE 2.1 2.9 3.8 4.1 4.4
STS school status 3 60.5 56.6 44.7 41.2 39.5
Other courses 2.3 3.7 5.6 5.2 5.7
General and technological combined
All higher education 94.3 94.4 92.8 93.4 nd
University 56.9 53.5 55.2 55.7 59.7
of which DUT 10.5 10.4 10.4 10.5 10.2
CPGE 8.4 9.4 9.4 9.7 9.7
STS nd 21.5 17.9 18.2 19.5
of which school status 21.8 19.8 16.2 16.5 17.8
Other courses 7.2 10.0 10.3 9.7 9.9
Vocational Bac
All higher education 17.1 34.1 38.5 34.4 nd
University 6.9 7.7 8.6 8.4 8.3
of which DUT 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6
CPGE 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
STS  2 9.7 25.8 29.3 25.4 27.8
of which school status 9.7 17.6 22.7 19.7 21.1
Other courses 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.7
All Bacs
All higher education 80.4 81.2 78.3 75.7 nd
University 47.9 43.3 42.6 41.3 45.1
of which DUT 8.7 8.3 7.8 7.5 7.5
CPGE 6.9 7.3 6.9 6.8 6.9
STS  2 19.6 22.7 21.2 20.7 20.7
of which school status 19.6 19.5 18.2 17.8 17.5
Other courses 6.0 7.9 7.6 7.0 7.3
 

1 See definitions opposite.
2 Les bacheliers (toutes séries) poursuivant leurs études en STS par la voie de l'apprentissage sont inclus à partir de 2010.
3 La source utilisée pour recenser les apprentis (SIFA) ne distingue pas le détail des séries du bac et ne permet donc pas d'inclure les taux d'inscriptions en STS par apprentissage à ce niveau de détail.

 Coverage: Metropolitan France + overseas departments (DOM).

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10.02 Rate of immediate enrolment by 2053 baccalauréat holders in the different higher education study tracks (%) 1

All
General bac
of which Science bac
Technological bac
of which bac STI2D
Vocational bac
  
University excl. IUT
of which IUT
CPGE
STS2
Other courses
 
 

1 The same student can enrol for several study tracks. Rates of access by study track are therefore not additive (total greater than 100%).
2 Only school status for S and STI2D bac.

 Coverage: Metropolitan France + overseas departments (DOM).

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A la rentrée 2016, les effectifs en sections de technicien supérieur (S.T.S.) sont en légère hausse par rapport à l’an passé (+0,4 %) et dépassent désormais les 257 000 étudiants en formation initiale (hors apprentissage). Les établissements privés concentrent près d’un tiers des effectifs. Parmi les nouveaux entrants dans ces sections, les parts respectives des néo-bacheliers généraux, technologiques et professionnels sont quasi inchangées.
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Other editions

Etat de l'enseignement supérieur et de la rechercheHigher education & research in France, facts and figures 9th edition - November 2016
10 - access to higher education - Laurent Fauvet
Around 75% of Baccalaureate holders in 2014 immediately enrolled in higher education. Nearly two-thirds of general Bac holders enrolled at university, 7 points less than in 2000 but 2.7 points more than in 2012. Around one in two technological Bac holders enrolled on a short vocational course. More and more of those with a vocational Baccalaureate, whose numbers have increased substantially since the reform of the vocational path, enrolled in higher education [Consult the following page]
Etat de l'enseignement supérieur et de la rechercheHigher education & research in France, facts and figures 8th edition - November 2015
09 - access to higher education - Laurent Fauvet & Sylvaine Péan
About 75% of baccalauréat holders from 2013 enrolled immediately in a higher education course (excluding work study programmes). More than half of those with a general baccalauréat enrolled at university but their numbers were down almost 7 percentage points compared with 2000. Almost one in two holders of a technological baccalauréat enrolled in a short vocational course. More and more of those with a vocational baccalauréat, whose numbers have increased substantially with the reform of the professional path, enrolled in higher education [Consult the following page]

Translation

 Etat de l'enseignement supérieur et de la rechercheL'état de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche en France n°10 - Avril 2017
10 - l’accès à l’enseignement supérieur - Aline Pauron
70,1 % des bacheliers généraux s’inscrivent à l’université, soit 3 points de moins qu’en 2000. Plus d’un bachelier technologique sur deux s’inscrit dans une filière professionnelle courte (STS ou IUT). Les STS sont la filière de prédilection des bacheliers professionnels puisque 27,8 % s’y inscrivent, soit 2,4 points de plus qu’en 2014. Cette année, les inscriptions sont marquées par une hausse importante des doubles inscriptions CPGE-université. Ce phénomène ne permet pas de comparaisons rigoureuses entre 2015 et les années antérieures sur le champ universitaire [Consult the following page in french]


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