Cover of higher education & research in France, facts and figures

📄 Source:Céreq.

 Coverage:Metropolitan France + overseas departments (DOM).

The data presented in this record comes from the Generation 2010 survey at 3 and 5 years. The data were collected from 33,500 young people in spring 2013 and 13,700 young people in spring 2015, representing the 708,000 young people who left the education system in 2010. The Céreq Generation surveys are carried out every 3 years on cohorts of education system leavers, but also at 5 and 7 years, on every other generation (e.g. Generation 2004 and Generation 2010).

The scope of the survey includes all young people leaving the education system for the first time in 2010, aged under 35, of French or foreign nationality and enrolled in an educational institution during the 2009-10 academic year in mainland France and the overseas departments. Young people who interrupted their studies for a period equal to or more than one year (except for health reasons) are excluded from the scope, as are young people who resumed their studies the year after entering the job market.

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24 the first five years' career experience of young people leaving higher education in 2010

9% of young people who left higher education in 2010 were unemployed in 2015, down by 4 points compared to 2013. But the background of the crisis has marked this Generation 2010, whose integration conditions are less favourable than those experienced by their predecessors in Generation 2004. At the same time, their working conditions have not improved much.

In 2015, the employment rate of higher education leavers in 2010 increased by 7 points (85%) compared to its 2013 level. In addition to the fall in unemployment, the rate of resuming studies or returning to education fell by 2 points in 2015 (5%) (table 24.01).

In 2015, the integration conditions for young people leaving higher education in 2010 were still very unequal according to the level at which they left education, but also according to the discipline and course specialism. These inequalities between levels compared to previous generations, which increased in 2013, settled down overall in 2015 to reach a comparable level. Employment conditions have in fact changed little since 2013. The permanent contract employment rate increased by 2 points (75%) but this rise was totally attributable to the increase in unwaged employment, whereas the rates of permanent employment rates and civil servants levelled out (table 24.02). The share of part-time employment was 9%, falling by 2 points since 2013.

Despite a significant fall in their unemployment rate between 2013 and 2015, the situation of young people leaving education without a higher education qualification in 2010 was the most difficult. The unemployment rate for young people leaving without a qualification from short-cycle vocational courses after 5 years (14%) is for example higher than that of their counterparts in Generation 2004 after 3 years. In addition, only 1 young person in 2 leaving without a qualification from a general course was in stable employment in 2015.

At Bac +2 level, the unemployment rate has fallen significantly since 2013 (-6 points), settling at 9% in 2015. It is above 10% for the BTS (advanced technician diploma) specialisms. In addition to a lower unemployment rate (7%), BTS graduates with an industrial specialism were still gaining more stable employment contracts in 2015, but the difference noted in 2013 has fallen significantly (8 points compared to 3 points in 2013).

At Bachelor's degree level and after 5 years in work, graduates from vocational courses have maintained their advantage over their counterparts from general courses in terms of access to and stability in employment. The differences in these main indicators are largely unchanged in 2015, regardless of the unemployment rate (6% compared to 10%) or the permanent contract employment rate (80% compared to 74%) (table 24.02). However, general Bachelor's degree graduates have seen their employment rate increase spectacularly since 2013 (+15 points, 85%), mainly due to a fall in the proportion of young people resuming studies on the date of the survey (4% in 2015 compared to 15% in 2013).

At Master's level, the unemployment rate of Master's graduates after 5 years was 7%, i.e. higher than that of their counterparts in Generation 2004 after 3 years, ranging from 5% in Economics-Management-Economic and Social Administration in 2015 to 10% in Arts, Humanities, Languages and Human Sciences. The unemployment rate among business school graduates in 2015 fell by half (4%) and is now closer to that of engineers (3%). Graduates from the Grandes Ecoles maintained their supremacy in terms of the share of permanent employment contracts, which accounted for 90% of the jobs concerned.

Between three and five years of working life, the unemployment rate for PhD graduates fell by 2 points, rising to 4% for all PhDs combined (chapter 39).

Overall, 75% of young people considered that their situation in 2015 suited them, but 21% were still anxious about their professional future (26% in 2013) (table 24.03). Although a large proportion of young people considered they were achieving their professional potential, more than one in four young people felt that their position was below their skills level. Finally, one in five young people in employment in 2015 were looking for another job.

📄 Source:Céreq.
 Coverage:Metropolitan France + overseas departments (DOM).

How to cite this paper :

MÉNARD Boris. The first five years' career experience of young people leaving higher education in 2010. In: Higher education & research in France, facts and figures - 50 indicators [online]. KABLA-LANGLOIS Isabelle (dir.). Paris: Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche, 2016. 9th ed. Chapter 24 [Accessed 12/13/2024]. ISBN 978-2-11-151572-7. https://publication.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr/eesr/9EN/EESR9EN_ES_24-the_first_five_years_career_experience_of_young_people_leaving_higher_education_in_2010.php

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The data presented in this record comes from the Generation 2010 survey at 3 and 5 years. The data were collected from 33,500 young people in spring 2013 and 13,700 young people in spring 2015, representing the 708,000 young people who left the education system in 2010. The Céreq Generation surveys are carried out every 3 years on cohorts of education system leavers, but also at 5 and 7 years, on every other generation (e.g. Generation 2004 and Generation 2010).

The scope of the survey includes all young people leaving the education system for the first time in 2010, aged under 35, of French or foreign nationality and enrolled in an educational institution during the 2009-10 academic year in mainland France and the overseas departments. Young people who interrupted their studies for a period equal to or more than one year (except for health reasons) are excluded from the scope, as are young people who resumed their studies the year after entering the job market.

 

Key figures


Unemployment rate for young people leaving higher education with a PhD
6%
 
2013
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "24. the first five years' career experience of young people leaving higher education in 2010".

Coverage: 3 years after leaving the education system
Source: Céreq
Unemployment rate for young people leaving higher education with a business school diploma
9%
 
2013
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "24. the first five years' career experience of young people leaving higher education in 2010".

Coverage: 3 years after leaving the education system
Source: Céreq
Unemployment rate for young people leaving higher education with an engineering school diploma
3%
 
2013
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "24. the first five years' career experience of young people leaving higher education in 2010".

Coverage: 3 years after leaving the education system
Source: Céreq
Unemployment rate for young people leaving higher education with no diploma
24%
 
2013
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "24. the first five years' career experience of young people leaving higher education in 2010".

Coverage: 3 years after leaving the education system
Source: Céreq
  See one more key figure  
Unemployment rate for young people leaving higher eduation
13%
 
2013
Metropolitan France + overseas departments
 
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Extract from the chapter "24. the first five years' career experience of young people leaving higher education in 2010".

Coverage: 3 years after leaving the education system
Source: Céreq

24.01 Situation in 2013 and 2015 of young people leaving the education system in 2010 by type of qualification (main indicators) (in %)

 
Proportion of young people in employment (%) Unemployment rate (%) Inactivity rate (excluding studies) (%) Resumption of studies/training rate (%) Long-term unemployment rate (%)
2013 2015 2013 2015 2013 2015 2013 2015 2013 2015
those who left a higher education course without obtaining a qualification 60 70 24 15 5 4 16 13 7 5
Those who left a Bachelor's degree course (Licence) without obtaining a qualification 56 67 26 16 5 4 20 16 8 6
Those who left a BTS/DUT without obtaining a qualification 67 77 24 14 4 3 9 8 6 5
BTS/DUT and other Bac + 2 courses 79 86 15 9 2 2 5 4 4 2
Industrial BTS 81 89 13 7 2 1 5 2 4 2
Tertiary BTS 79 83 16 11 2 2 5 4 4 3
DUT 74 87 17 7 1 1 9 6 3 0
Bac + 2/ + 3-level Health and social care 96 98 2 1 2 1 1 0 1 0
General Bachelor's degree (Licence générale) and other Bac + 3 courses 70 85 14 10 4 2 15 4 5 4
Vocational Bachelor's degree (Licence professionnelle) 85 92 10 6 1 1 5 2 2 3
Industrial vocational Bachelor's degree 88 92 11 6 1 1 4 1 4 3
Tertiary vocational Bachelor's degree 84 91 9 6 1 1 6 2 1 4
First year of a Master's degree 79 84 14 11 2 2 7 3 3 6
Master's and other Bac +5 courses 84 89 12 7 1 2 3 2 4 2
Master's in Economics, Management, Economic and Social Administration 86 92 12 5 1 1 2 2 3 2
Master's in Law, Political Sciences, Planning and Geography 84 90 12 7 0 1 5 2 4 3
Master's Arts, humanities, languages, human sciences 81 86 16 10 2 2 4 2 4 3
Master's in Sciences 86 91 10 6 1 1 3 2 4 2
Business schools Bac + 5 90 94 9 4 0 1 1 1 1 2
Engineering schools Bac + 5 95 96 3 3 1 0 1 2 1 0
PhD 92 94 6 4 2 2 1 1 2 1
Total 78 85 13 9 3 2 7 5 4 3

 
📄 Source:Céreq
 Coverage: Metropolitan France + overseas departments (DOM).

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24.02 Types of employment contract and share of part-time employment in jobs held in 2013 and 2015 by young people leaving the education system in 2010 by type of qualification (in %)

 
Permanent employment rates (%) Temporary employment rates (%) Share of part-time employment (%) Share of part-time employment experienced (%)
in 2013 in 2015 in 2013 in 2015 in 2013 in 2015 in 2013 in 2015
those who left a higher education course without obtaining a qualification 55 55 7 7 22 15 12 9
Those who left a Bachelor's degree course (Licence) without obtaining a qualification 48 51 7 5 24 16 13 10
Those who left a BTS/DUT without obtaining a qualification 60 62 10 11 18 13 12 9
BTS/DUT and other Bac + 2 courses 72 78 5 4 10 7 6 4
Industrial BTS 76 79 8 7 3 3 2 1
Tertiary BTS 68 76 3 3 13 8 9 5
DUT 72 82 4 4 10 6 6 3
Bac + 2/ + 3-level Health and social care 83 85 2 1 10 10 5 3
General Bachelor's degree (Licence générale) and other Bac + 3 courses 70 74 2 1 18 12 10 6
Vocational Bachelor's degree (Licence professionnelle) 77 80 4 3 5 3 2 2
Industrial vocational Bachelor's degree 80 79 4 3 5 2 2 1
Tertiary vocational Bachelor's degree 73 80 3 3 5 5 2 3
First year of a Master's degree 72 77 2 1 11 6 6 4
Master's and other Bac +5 courses 76 77 2 1 9 8 5 3
Master's in Economics, Management, Economic and Social Administration 84 88 4 3 5 3 3 1
Master's in Law, Political Sciences, Planning and Geography 70 73 1 1 6 3 3 1
Master's Arts, humanities, languages, human sciences 66 64 0 0 18 17 10 7
Master's in Sciences 79 82 2 2 5 6 3 2
Business schools Bac + 5 93 91 0 1 2 2 2 1
Engineering schools Bac + 5 93 93 1 1 1 2 1 0
PhD 69 77 0 1 10 12 4 3
Total 73 75 3 3 11 9 6 4

 
📄 Source:Céreq
 Coverage: Metropolitan France + overseas departments (DOM).

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24.03 Assessment of the situation and perceptions of employment by young people leaving the education system in 2010 by type of qualification (in %)

 
All higher education leavers in 2010 Young people in employment at the time of the survey
Happy with current situation (%) Anxious about their professional future (%) Achieving their career potential (%) Feel they are employed below their skills level (%) Looking for a new job (%)
in 2013 in 2015 in 2013 in 2015 in 2013 in 2015 in 2013 in 2015 in 2013 in 2015
those who left a higher education course without obtaining a qualification 61 69 30 24 78 85 33 34 26 27
Those who left a Bachelor's degree course (Licence) without obtaining a qualification 62 68 31 23 77 86 34 34 26 26
Those who left a BTS/DUT without obtaining a qualification 59 69 30 28 78 82 34 36 27 27
BTS/DUT and other Bac + 2 courses 71 75 27 21 84 87 31 30 22 20
Industrial BTS 72 79 25 19 85 91 29 28 21 18
Tertiary BTS 70 71 29 23 83 83 33 31 22 21
DUT 68 75 26 19 84 89 31 35 24 21
Bac + 2/ + 3-level Health and social care 86 86 20 21 95 93 9 10 14 11
General Bachelor's degree (Licence générale) and other Bac + 3 courses 65 72 30 21 79 85 37 32 29 26
Vocational Bachelor's degree (Licence professionnelle) 78 80 22 15 91 94 27 26 21 16
Industrial vocational Bachelor's degree 77 86 22 12 92 95 25 23 20 15
Tertiary vocational Bachelor's degree 80 74 22 17 89 92 30 29 21 17
First year of a Master's degree 68 69 29 26 85 88 36 29 23 17
Master's and other Bac +5 courses 71 73 26 21 88 89 28 26 25 24
Master's in Economics, Management, Economic and Social Administration 72 69 25 19 87 88 31 31 26 26
Master's in Law, Political Sciences, Planning and Geography 71 72 28 23 89 87 32 26 24 23
Master's Arts, humanities, languages, human sciences 63 70 33 25 86 89 31 27 29 26
Master's in Sciences 76 84 20 15 90 92 22 21 23 23
Business schools Bac + 5 72 77 20 16 90 88 29 33 25 29
Engineering schools Bac + 5 83 83 11 14 93 93 23 18 21 15
PhD 79 82 21 20 93 94 14 17 20 18
Total 71 75 26 21 86 89 27 27 23 21

 
📄 Source:Céreq
 Coverage: Metropolitan France + overseas departments (DOM).

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Other editions

Etat de l'enseignement supérieur et de la rechercheHigher education & research in France, facts and figures 8th edition - November 2015
22 - early career experience of young people leaving higher education - Boris Ménard
Nearly 25% of young people who left higher education in 2010 without obtaining a qualification were unemployed in 2013, as compared with 13% of all those who left at the same time. Occupational integration conditions on the labour market remained better for graduates with vocational qualifications than for those with non-vocational qualifications of an equivalent level [Consult the following page]

Translation

 Etat de l'enseignement supérieur et de la rechercheL'état de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche en France n°9 - Juin 2016
24 - les cinq premières années de vie active des jeunes sortants de l’enseignement supérieur en 2010 - Boris Ménard
Le taux de chômage des jeunes sortis de l’enseignement supérieur en 2010 s’élève à 9 % en 2015, en baisse de 4 points par rapport à 2013. Mais le contexte de crise marque cette Génération 2010 dont les conditions d’insertion sont moins favorables que celles connues par ses prédécesseurs de la Génération 2004. Dans le même temps, leurs conditions dans l’emploi se sont peu améliorées [Consult the following page in french]


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